Crusades, military expeditions, beginning in the late 11th century, that were organized by western european christians in response to centuries of muslim wars of expansion. He is listening to pope urban ii—the only pope he has ever seen in person!—speak passionately about the need to fight in the holy land The crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and christian western powers to take jerusalem and the holy land back from muslim control and then defend those gains
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There were eight major official crusades between 1095 and 1270, as well as many more unofficial ones.
To govern the conquered territory, those who remained established four large western settlements, or crusader states, in jerusalem, edessa, antioch and tripoli.
A person who participated in any of the military expeditions undertaken by christian powers in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to win the holy land from the muslims The crusader states, or outremer, were four catholic polities established in the levant region and southeastern anatolia from 1098 to 1291. They were the last of the first generation of crusaders, and with their passing the formative period in the history of the crusader states came to an end Fulk’s policies ended the pursuit of expansion and resulted in a stabilization of the frontiers of the crusader states.
The four crusader states in the middle east were the principality of antioch, the county of edessa, the county of tripoli, and the kingdom of jerusalem Led by (in theory) the latter, the states raised their own armies based on feudal tenants, free men and mercenaries.